Composition for the oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers comprising at least one oxidation dye and at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer, and dyeing methods

ABSTRACT

Compositions for oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, for example, human keratinous fibers such as hair, further such as human hair, comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidation dye, at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain, and a combination comprising: (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated and glycerolated fatty alcohols and (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent, wherein the hydroxylated solvent may have a molecular weight of less than 250, and wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1 and dyeing processes and devices, such as kits, comprising such compositions.

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for the oxidationdyeing of keratinous fibers, such as human keratinous fibers for examplehair, comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing:

[0002] (a) at least one oxidation dye,

[0003] (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0004] (c) a combination comprising:

[0005] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0006] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent,

[0007] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1.

[0008] It is known to dye keratinous fibers, such as human hair, withdyeing compositions comprising oxidation dyes, such as, oxidation dyeprecursors (for example, ortho-phenylenediamines,para-phenylenediamines, ortho-aminophenols, para-aminophenols, andheterocyclic bases generally called oxidation bases).

[0009] The oxidation dye precursors, or oxidation bases, are colorlessor weakly colored compounds. When these compounds are combined withoxidizing products, dyes and colored compounds may form by a process ofoxidative condensation of the oxidation bases.

[0010] It is also known that the shades obtained with these oxidationbases can be varied by combining them with couplers or color modifiers,the latter may be chosen from aromatic meta-diamines, meta-aminophenols,meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds.

[0011] The variety of molecules used in oxidation dyes (oxidation basesand couplers), allows a rich palette of colors to be obtained.

[0012] Upon application of the oxidation dye product to hair, it isdesirable to localize the oxidation dye product correctly so that thedye product does not run down the face or outside of the areas intendedto be dyed. It is also desirable to obtain a uniform and even colorationover the entire head of hair.

[0013] It is also desirable for the compositions containing oxidationdyes to be stable over time such as for example, rheologically stable,before the oxidation dye composition is mixed with an oxidizing agent.

[0014] European patent application No. 0 943 320 discloses formulationsfor oxidation dye products which include cationic associative polymerschosen from quaternized celluloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses comprisingat least one fatty chain in order to obtain the above-mentionedproperties.

[0015] In addition to at least one of the good qualities offered by thedye compositions disclosed in European patent application No. 0 943 320,the dye composition may also exhibit at least one of the followingproperties: intense and chromatic (luminous) colorations, lowselectivity, exhibit good fastness (resistance) towards external agents,for example, chemical agents (shampoo, and permanent-waving products)and natural agents (light, perspiration) giving hair good cosmeticproperties.

[0016] Nevertheless, the inventors have found that the color obtained bycombining the oxidation dye composition and the oxidizing agentcomposition may develop too quickly. For example, the color may darkenvery quickly during the time that the mixture is left on the hair, whichmay indicate a premature oxidation of the dyes, resulting in adisruption of the dyeing and the development of an aesthetic problem.

[0017] However, after considerable research, the inventors havediscovered that the addition of a combination of materials, as describedbelow, into a composition that combines an oxidation dyeing compositionand at least one oxidizing agent, develops in color much less quickly,thus reducing the premature oxidation of the oxidation dyes. Thisdiscovery forms one aspect of the present invention.

[0018] One embodiment of the present invention is a composition for theoxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, for example human keratinousfibers such as hair, comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing:

[0019] (a) at least one oxidation dye,

[0020] (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0021] (c) a combination comprising:

[0022] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0023] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weightof less than 250,

[0024] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1.

[0025] Another embodiment of the invention relates to a ready-to-usecomposition for the oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, for examplehuman keratinous fibers such as hair, comprising, in a medium suitablefor dyeing:

[0026] (a) at least one oxidation dye,

[0027] (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0028] (c) a combination comprising:

[0029] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0030] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weightof less than 250,

[0031] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1; and

[0032] (d) at least one oxidizing agent.

[0033] For the purposes of the invention, the expression “ready-to-usecomposition” is understood to mean any composition intended to beapplied immediately to the keratinous fibers; either applied as storedbefore use or obtained from combining two or more compositions andapplied.

[0034] Another embodiment of the invention is a process for dyeingkeratinous fibers, for example, keratinous fibers such as hair,comprising:

[0035] (1) storing a composition (A) comprising, in a medium suitablefor dyeing:

[0036] (a) at least one oxidation dye,

[0037] (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0038] (c) a combination comprising:

[0039] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0040] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weightof less than 250,

[0041] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1;

[0042] (2) storing, separately from said composition (A), a composition(B) comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizingagent;

[0043] (3) applying said composition (A) and said composition (B) tokeratinous fibers, and

[0044] (4) developing a color on keratinous fibers, such as hair;

[0045] wherein said composition (A) is combined at the time of use withsaid composition (B) and applied to keratinous fibers, such as hair, orwherein said composition (A) and said composition (B) are appliedsequentially to said keratinous fibers, such as hair, withoutintermediate rinsing.

[0046] Another embodiment of the invention is a device or “kit” for theoxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, for example, human keratinousfibers such as hair, comprising at least two compartments, wherein:

[0047] (1) a first compartment comprises, in a medium suitable fordyeing:

[0048] (a) at least one oxidation dye,

[0049] (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0050] (c) a combination comprising:

[0051] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0052] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weightof less than 250,

[0053] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1; and

[0054] (2) a second compartment comprises, in a medium suitable fordyeing, at least one oxidizing agent.

[0055] At Least One Cationic Amphiphilic Polymer

[0056] The chemical structure of the amphiphilic polymers may compriseat least one hydrophilic zone providing the solubility in water, and atleast one hydrophobic zone by which the polymers, in an aqueous medium,assemble with each other or with the hydrophobic portions of othermolecules. The amphiphilic polymers are also termed “associativepolymers”, that is to say water-soluble polymers which are capable in anaqueous medium, of reversibly “associating” with each other or withother molecules.

[0057] According to the invention, the at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain may be chosen for examplefrom quaternized cellulose derivatives, cationic polyurethanes, cationicpolyvinyllactams and acrylic terpolymers.

[0058] A. Quaternized Cellulose Derivatives

[0059] Non-limiting examples of quaternized cellulose derivatives may bechosen, for example, from:

[0060] quaternized celluloses modified with at least one groupcomprising at least one fatty chain, wherein said at least one group ischosen for example, from alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, and alkylarylgroups and contains at least 8 carbon atoms; and

[0061] quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modified with at least onegroup comprising at least one fatty chain, wherein said at least onegroup is chosen for example, from alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, andalkylaryl groups and contains at least 8 carbon atoms.

[0062] In specific embodiments of the invention, the alkyl groups borneby the quaternized celluloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses may for examplecomprise from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The aryl groups for example, may bechosen from phenyl groups, benzyl groups, naphthyl groups, and anthrylgroups.

[0063] Non-limiting examples of quaternized alkylhydroxyethylcellulosescontaining C₈-C₃₀ fatty chains may be chosen from the productsQUATRISOFT LM 200, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18-A, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18B(C₁₂ alkyl) and QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-8 (C₁₈ alkyl) sold by the companyAmerchol, and the products CRODACEL QM, Crodacel QL (C₁₂ alkyl) andCrodacel QS (C₁₈ alkyl) sold by the company Croda.

[0064] B. Cationic Polyurethanes

[0065] An example of a family of cationic amphiphilic polyurethaneswhich may be utilized in accordance with the invention is described inFrench patent application No. 0 009 609, incorporated by reference,herein. These polyurethanes may be chosen from the cationic amphiphilicpolyurethanes of formula (Ia):

R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia)

[0066] wherein:

[0067] R and R′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrophobic groups and hydrogen atoms;

[0068] X and X′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally comprising ahydrophobic group, and a group L″;

[0069] L, L″, and L′ which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from derivatives of diisocyanates;

[0070] P and P′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing at least onehydrophobic group;

[0071] Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups;

[0072] r is an integer from 1 to 100, such as from 1 to 50 and furtherfor example, from 1 to 25;

[0073] n, m and p which may be identical or different, are chosen fromnumbers ranging from 0 to 1000;

[0074] provided that said cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes comprise atleast one group chosen from protonated amine functions and quaternizedamine functions, and at least one group chosen from hydrophobic groups.

[0075] In one embodiment of the invention, the only hydrophobic groupsin the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes are the groups R and R′ at theends of the chain.

[0076] In another example, the family of cationic amphiphilicpolyurethanes may be chosen from the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanesof formula (Ia):

R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia)

[0077] wherein:

[0078] R and R′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrophobic groups,

[0079] X and X′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom a group L″,

[0080] n and p which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromnumbers ranging from 1 to 1000;

[0081] L, L″, and L′ which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from derivatives of diisocyanates;

[0082] P and P′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing at least onehydrophobic group;

[0083] Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups;

[0084] r is an integer from 1 to 100, such as from 1 to 50 and furtherfor example, from 1 to 25; and

[0085] m is a number ranging from 0 to 1000.

[0086] In yet another example another embodiment the family of cationicamphiphilic polyurethanes is chosen from the cationic amphiphilicpolyurethanes of formula (Ia):

R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia)

[0087] wherein:

[0088] R and R′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrophobic groups,

[0089] X and X′ which may be identical or different are each chosen froma group L″,

[0090] n and p are each equal to 0,

[0091] L, L″, and L′ which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from derivatives of diisocyanates;

[0092] P and P′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing at least onehydrophobic group;

[0093] Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups;

[0094] r is an integer from 1 to 100, such as from 1 to 50 and furtherfor example, from 1 to 25; and

[0095] m is a number ranging from 0 to 1000.

[0096] In this particular embodiment, the fact that n and p are equal to0 means that these polymers comprise no units derived from a monomercontaining an amine function incorporated into the polymer during thepolycondensation. The protonated amine functions of these polyurethanesresult from the hydrolysis of excess isocyanate functions at the end ofthe chain, followed by alkylation of the primary amine functions formedwith alkylating agents containing a hydrophobic group. For example,these are compounds of the type RQ or R′Q, in which R and R′ are asdefined above and Q is chosen from leaving groups such as for example,halides, and sulfates.

[0097] In yet another embodiment, the family of cationic amphiphilicpolyurethanes which may be utilized in accordance with the invention arethose chosen from cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia):

R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia)

[0098] wherein:

[0099] R and R′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrophobic groups,

[0100] X and X′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising a quaternary amine,

[0101] n and p are both equal to 0,

[0102] L, and L′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom derivatives of diisocyanates;

[0103] P and P′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing at least onehydrophobic group;

[0104] Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups;

[0105] r is an integer from 1 to 100, such as from 1 to 50 and furtherfor example, from 1 to 25; and

[0106] m is a number ranging from 0 to 1000;

[0107] The number-average molecular mass of the cationic amphiphilicpolyurethanes may range, for example, from 400 to 500,000, such as from1000 to 400,000, and further from 1000 to 300,000.

[0108] In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one cationicamphiphilic polyurethanes have at least one hydrophobic group comprisingfrom 10 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0109] The term “hydrophobic groups” means groups and polymers chosenfrom optionally saturated, linear and branched, hydrocarbon-basedchains, wherein said hydrocarbon-based chains may optionally comprise atleast one hetero atom such as, P, O, N and S, and may optionallycomprise at least one group chosen from perfluoro chains and siliconechains. In one embodiment of the invention, the hydrophobic groups arechosen from hydrocarbon-based groups, wherein said hydrophobic groupscomprise at least 10 carbon atoms, such as for example, from 10 to 30carbon atoms, further from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and further still from18 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0110] In another embodiment of the invention, the hydrocarbon-basedgroups are derivatives of monofunctional compounds.

[0111] By way of example, the hydrophobic groups may be chosen fromderivatives of fatty alcohols such as for example, stearyl alcohol,dodecyl alcohol and decyl alcohol. The hydrophobic groups also may bechosen from hydrocarbon-based polymers such as, for example,polybutadiene.

[0112] When at least one of X and X′ is a group chosen from groupscomprising tertiary amines and groups comprising quaternary amines, thenat least one of X and X′ may be chosen from amines of followingformulae:

[0113] wherein:

[0114] R₂ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched, alkylene groups containing from 1 to 20 carbonatoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylene groups optionallycomprise a unit chosen from saturated rings and unsaturated rings, suchas arylene groups, and further wherein at least one carbon atom isoptionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P;

[0115] R₁ and R₃, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups, linear and branched(C₁-C₃₀)alkenyl and an aryl group, wherein at least one carbon atom isoptionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P; and

[0116] A⁻ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromphysiologically acceptable counterions.

[0117] The groups L, L′, and L″ may represent a group of formula:

[0118] wherein:

[0119] Z is a group chosen from —O—, —S—, and —NH—; and

[0120] R₄ is chosen from linear and branched, alkylene groups containingfrom 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylenegroups optionally comprise a unit chosen from saturated rings andunsaturated rings, such as arylene groups, and further wherein at leastone carbon atom is optionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N,S, O and P.

[0121] The groups P and P′ comprising an amine function may be chosenfrom groups of the following formulae:

[0122] wherein:

[0123] R₅ and R₇, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched, alkylene groups containing from 1 to 20 carbonatoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylene groups optionallycomprise a unit chosen from saturated rings and unsaturated rings, suchas arylene groups, and further wherein at least one carbon atom isoptionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P;

[0124] R₆, R₈ and R₉, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups, linear andbranched (C₁-C₃₀)alkenyl and an aryl group, wherein at least one carbonatom is optionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N, S, O andP;

[0125] R₁₀, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromoptionally unsaturated, linear and branched, alkylene groups, optionallycomprising at least one hetero atom chosen from N, O, S and P, and

[0126] A⁻ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromphysiologically acceptable counterions.

[0127] Regarding the meaning of Y, the term “hydrophilic groups” isunderstood to mean a polymeric water-soluble group or non-polymericwater-soluble group.

[0128] By way of example, when the hydrophilic groups are non-polymericwater-soluble groups, they may be chosen from ethylene glycol,diethylene glycol and propylene glycol.

[0129] When, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, thehydrophilic groups are hydrophilic polymers, the hydrophilic polymersmay comprise at least one polymer chosen, for example, from polyethers,sulfonated polyesters, sulfonated polyamides. Non-limiting examples ofthe hydrophilic groups may be chosen polyethers, poly(ethyleneoxides)and poly(propyleneoxides).

[0130] The cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia) accordingto the invention may be formed from diisocyanates and from compoundswith functions containing a labile hydrogen. Non-limiting examples offunctions containing a labile hydrogen may be chosen from alcohols,primary amines, secondary amines, and thiols. These functions afterreaction with the diisocyanate functions form polyurethanes, polyureasand polythioureas, respectively. The term “polyurethanes” in the presentinvention is understood to encompass these three types of polymer,namely polyurethanes, polyureas and polythioureas, as well as copolymersof these three types of polymers.

[0131] In accordance with the invention, a first type of compoundinvolved in the preparation of the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes offormula (Ia) comprises at least one unit containing an amine function.This compound may be chosen from multifunctional groups and difunctionalgroups. That is, a difuctional compound according to one embodiment,comprises two labile hydrogen atoms borne, for example, by a functionchosen from hydroxyl functions, primary amine functions, secondary aminefunctions and thiol functions. In another embodiment, a mixture ofmultifunctional and difunctional compounds in which the percentage ofmultifunctional compounds is low may also be used.

[0132] As mentioned above, this compound may comprise more than one unitcontaining an amine function. In this case, it is may be a polymerbearing a repeating unit containing an amine function. Compounds of thistype may for example, be chosen from the following formulae:

HZ—(P)_(n)—ZH  (i)

HZ—(P′)_(p)—ZH  (ii)

[0133] wherein:

[0134] Z is a group chosen from —O—, —S—, and —NH—;

[0135] P and P′, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing at least onehydrophobic group; and

[0136] n, and p which may be identical or different, are chosen fromnumbers ranging from 0 to 1000.

[0137] Representative examples of compounds containing an amine functionmay be chosen from N-methyldiethanolamine, N-tert-butyldiethanolamineand N-sulphoethyldiethanolamine.

[0138] In accordance with the invention, a second type of compoundinvolved in the preparation of the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes offormula (Ia) comprises diisocyanates corresponding to the formula:

O═C═N—R₄—N═C═O

[0139] wherein R₄ is chosen from linear and branched, alkylene groupscontaining from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein said linear and branchedalkylene groups optionally comprise a unit chosen from saturated ringsand unsaturated rings, such as arylene groups, further wherein at leastone carbon atom is optionally replaced with a hetero atom chosen from N,S, O and P.

[0140] Representative examples of this second type of compound may bechosen, for example, from methylenediphenyl diisocyanate,methylenecyclohexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, toluenediisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, butane diisocyanate and hexanediisocyanate.

[0141] In accordance with the invention, a third type of compoundinvolved in the preparation of the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes offormula (Ia) comprises hydrophobic compounds intended to form theterminal hydrophobic groups of the polymer of formula (Ia).

[0142] This third type of compound comprises a hydrophobic group and afunction containing a labile hydrogen chosen, for example, from hydroxylfunctions, primary amine functions, secondary amine functions and thiolfunctions.

[0143] Non-limiting examples of the third type of compound may bechosen, for example, from fatty alcohols such as, stearyl alcohol,dodecyl alcohol and decyl alcohol. When this third type of compoundcomprises a polymeric chain, it may be chosen, for example, fromα-hydroxylated hydrogenated polybutadienes.

[0144] According to the invention, the hydrophobic groups of thecationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia) may also result fromthe quaternization reaction of the tertiary amines of the compoundcomprising at least one tertiary amine unit. Thus, the hydrophobicgroups are introduced via the quaternizing agent. This quaternizingagent is chosen, for example, from a compound of the following formulae:

RQ  (iii)

R′Q  (iv),

[0145] wherein:

[0146] R and R′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrophobic groups, and

[0147] Q which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromleaving groups such as halides and sulfates.

[0148] The cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia) may alsocomprise at least one hydrophilic sequence. This at least onehydrophilic sequence is provided by a fourth type of compound involvedin the preparation of the polymer. This fourth type of compound maycomprise at least one function, that is, the compound may be, forexample, multifunctional or difunctional. In one embodiment of theinvention, the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia)comprise a mixture of multifunctional compounds and difunctionalcompounds, wherein the percentage of multifunctional compounds is low,such as lower than that of the difunctional compounds.

[0149] The functions containing a labile hydrogen are chosen, forexample, from alcohol functions, primary amine functions, secondaryamine functions and thiol functions. This compound may also be a polymerterminated at the chain ends with one of these functions containing alabile hydrogen.

[0150] By way of example, when the hydrophilic groups are non-polymericwater-soluble groups, they may be chosen from ethylene glycol,diethylene glycol and propylene glycol.

[0151] When, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, thehydrophilic groups are hydrophilic polymers, the hydrophilic polymersmay comprise at least one polymer chosen, for example, from polyethers,sulfonated polyesters, sulfonated polyamides. Non-limiting examples ofthe hydrophilic groups may be chosen polyethers, polyethyleneoxides andpolypropyleneoxides.

[0152] The hydrophilic group termed Y in formula (Ia) is optional.Specifically, the units containing a quaternary or protonated aminefunction may suffice to provide the solubility or water-dispersibilityrequired for this type of polymer in an aqueous solution. In oneembodiment of the invention, the at least one cationic amphiphilicpolyurethane comprises at least one hydrophilic group.

[0153] The at least one cationic amphiphilic polyurethane may be chosenfrom water-soluble polymers and water-dispersible polymers.

[0154] The term “water-soluble”, for purposes of this invention, isunderstood to mean a compound with a solubility of more than 1% byweight in one liter of water at room temperature.

[0155] The term “water-dispersible”, for purposes of this invention, isunderstood to mean a compound which spontaneously forms in water,globules with an average size ranging from 5 to 600 nm (measured bylight scattering techniques with a Coulter apparatus).

[0156] Cationic Polyvinyllactams

[0157] The cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers according to theinvention may, for example, be formed from at least one monomer chosenfrom:

[0158] a) vinyllactam monomers and alkylvinyllactam monomers;

[0159] b) monomers chosen from formulae (Ib) and (IIb):

[0160] wherein:

[0161] X which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromoxygen and NR₆ groups,

[0162] R₁ and R₆ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and linear and branched (C₁-C₅)alkyl groups,

[0163] R₂ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups,

[0164] R₃, R₄, and R₅ which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from hydrogen, linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups andgroups chosen from formula (IIIb):

—(Y₂)_(r)—(CH₂—CH(R₇)—O)_(x)—R₈  (IIIb)

[0165] wherein:

[0166] Y, Y₁, and Y₂ which are identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched (C₂-C₁₆)alkylene groups,

[0167] R₇ is chosen from hydrogen, linear and branched (C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, and linear and branched (C₁-C₄)hydroxyalkyl groups,

[0168] R₈ is chosen from hydrogen and linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkylgroups,

[0169] p, q, and r which are identical or different, are each a numberchosen from 0 and 1,

[0170] m and n which are identical or different, are each an integerranging from 0 to 100,

[0171] x is an integer ranging from 1 to 100,

[0172] Z is an anion chosen from organic acid anions and inorganic acidanions, provided that:

[0173] at least one of R₃, R₄, R₅, and R₈ is chosen from linear andbranched (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl groups,

[0174] if at least one of m and n is other than zero, then q is equal to1,

[0175] if at least one of m and n are equal to zero, then at least oneof p and q is equal to 0.

[0176] The cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers according to theinvention may be chosen from crosslinked polymers, non-crosslinkedpolymers and block polymers.

[0177] In one embodiment of the invention, the counterion, Z⁻, of themonomers of formula (Ib), may be chosen from halide ions, phosphateions, a methosulfate ion and a tosylate ion.

[0178] In another embodiment, R₃, R₄, and R₅ which are identical ordifferent are each chosen from hydrogen and linear and branched(C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups.

[0179] In another embodiment of the invention, the at least one monomerof formulae (Ib) and (IIb) is a monomer of formula (Ib) wherein m and nare equal to 0.

[0180] In yet another embodiment, the at least one monomer chosen fromvinyllactam monomers and alkylvinyllactam monomers is a compound offormula (IVb):

[0181] wherein:

[0182] s is an integer ranging from 3 to 6,

[0183] R₉ is chosen from hydrogen and (C₁-C₅)alkyl groups,

[0184] R₁₀ is chosen from hydrogen and (C₁-C₅)alkyl groups,

[0185] with the proviso that at least one of R₉ and R₁₀ is hydrogen.

[0186] In one embodiment of the invention, the monomer (IVb) isvinylpyrrolidone.

[0187] The at least one cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymer according tothe invention may further be formed from at least one additionalmonomer, chosen for example, from cationic monomers and nonionicmonomers.

[0188] Representative compounds according to the invention, include thefollowing terpolymers formed from:

[0189] a) one monomer of formula (IVb), as defined above,

[0190] b) one monomer of formula (Ib), as defined above, wherein p=1,q=0, R₃ and R₄ which are identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen and (C₁-C₅)alkyl groups and R₅ is chosen from (C₉-C₂₄)alkylgroups, and

[0191] c) one monomer of formula (IIb), as defined above, wherein R₃ andR₄ which are each identical or different, are each chosen from hydrogenand (C₁-C₅)alkyl groups.

[0192] In one specific embodiment of the invention, the terpolymerscomprise by weight, 40% to 95% of one monomeric (a) unit, 0.1% to 55% ofone monomeric (c) unit, and 0.25% to 50% of one monomeric (b) unit.Representative terpolymers are described in patent application WO00/68282, the disclosure of which related to terpolymers is specificallyincorporated by reference herein.

[0193] Non-limiting examples of cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymersaccording to the invention may be chosen, for example, fromvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/dodecyldimethylmethacryl-amidopropylammoniumtosylate terpolymers,vinyl-pyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide/cocoyldimethylmethacrylamidopropylammoniumtosylate terpolymers,vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl-methacrylamide/lauryldimethylmethacrylamidopropylammoniumtosylate terpolymers, andvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl-methacrylamide/lauryldimethylmethacrylamidopropylammoniumchloride terpolymers.

[0194] The weight-average molecular mass of the cationicpoly(vinyllactam) polymers according to the present invention may rangefrom 500 to 20,000,000, such as for example from 200,000 to 2,000,000and further still from 400,000 to 800,000.

[0195] The Acrylic Terpolymers

[0196] Among the cationic amphiphilic polymers which may be utilized inthe invention, mention may also be made of acrylic terpolymers, forexample, those described in patent application EP-1 090 623 (thedisclosure of which related to terpolymers is specifically incorporatedby reference herein) and formed from:

[0197] (a) an acrylate monomer (a) chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyl acrylatesand (C₁-C₆)alkyl methacrylates, wherein said acrylate monomer (a) rangesfrom 5% to 80% by weight, such as for example from 15% to 70% by weightand further still from 40% to 70% by weight;

[0198] (b) a monomer (b) chosen from heterocyclic vinyl compoundscontaining at least one atom chosen from nitrogen and sulfur,(meth)acrylamides, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl (meth)acrylates,di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl (meth)acrylates,mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl(meth)acrylamides anddi(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl(meth)acrylamides, wherein said monomer(b) ranges from 5% to 80% by weight, such as from 10% to 70% by weight,and further still from 20% to 60% by weight;

[0199] a monomer (c) chosen from:

[0200] (i) a urethane formed from a monoethylenic unsaturated isocyanateand a nonionic surfactant with a (C₁₋₆)alkoxy end,

[0201] (ii) a block copolymer formed from 1,2-butylene oxide and of1,2-ethylene oxide,

[0202] (iii) a copolymerizable ethylenic unsaturated surfactant monomerobtained by condensation of a nonionic surfactant with an α,β-ethylenicunsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride,

[0203] (iv) a surfactant monomer (iv) chosen for example from theproducts formed, such as a urea, from a monoethylenic unsaturatedmonoisocyanate with a nonionic surfactant containing an amine function,

[0204] (v) a monomer chosen from (meth)allyl ethers of formulaCH₂═CR₁CH₂OA_(m)B_(n)A_(p)R₂, wherein R₁ is chosen from a hydrogen atomand a methyl group, A is chosen from a propylenoxy group and abutylenoxy group, B is an ethylenoxy group, n is chosen from zero andintegers less than or equal to 200, such as, for example, less than orequal to 100, m and p, which are identical or different are each chosenfrom zero and integers less than n, and R₂ is a hydrophobic group of atleast 8 carbon atoms such as for example, 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and

[0205] (vi) a nonionic monomer of urethane type formed from a monohydricnonionic surfactant with a monoethylenic unsaturated isocyanate,

[0206] wherein said monomer (c) ranges from 0.1% to 30% by weight, suchas for example, 0.1% to 10% by weight;

[0207] further wherein the weight percentages of said above definedmonomers are based on the total weight of said monomers forming theacrylic terpolymer.

[0208] Representative of the acrylate monomers (a) are those chosen from(C₂-C₆)alkyl acrylates, such as for example, ethyl acrylate.

[0209] Representative of the monomers (b) are those chosen fromN,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), N,N-diethylaminoethylacrylate, N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N-t-butylaminoethylacrylate, N-t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate,N,N-dimethylamino-propylacrylamide,N,N-dimethylaminopropylmeth-acrylamide, N,N-diethylaminopropylacrylamideand N,N-diethylaminopropylmethacrylamide.

[0210] In one embodiment, the monomer (b) is N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate.

[0211] Representative of the monomers (c) are those chosen fromcopolymerizable ethylenic unsaturated surfactant monomers formed bycondensing a nonionic surfactant with an α,β-ethylenic unsaturatedcarboxylic acid or its anhydride, such as for example,(C₃-C₄)monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and their anhydrides andfurther still, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleicacid, maleic anhydride as well as itaconic acid and itaconic anhydride.

[0212] Further non-limiting examples of the monomers (c) may be chosenfrom copolymerizable ethylenic unsaturated surfactant monomers formed bycondensing a nonionic surfactant with itaconic acid. Nonionicsurfactants which may be mentioned include, for example, (C₁₀-C₃₀)fattyalcohols alkoxylated with 2 to 100 mol of an alkylene oxide, such as forexample, 5 to 50 mol of an alkylene oxide. Non-limiting examples ofthese compounds comprise for example, polyethylene glycol ethers of(C₁₀-C₃₀)fatty alcohols and further still, polyethylene glycol ethers ofcetyl alcohol which are known as CETETH in the CTFA dictionary, 7thedition, 1997.

[0213] Conventional methods for preparing these acrylic terpolymers areknown to those skilled in the art. Such methods include solutionpolymerization, precipitation polymerization and emulsionpolymerization. Terpolymers in accordance with the invention and methodsfor preparing them are described for example, in patent applicationsEP-A-0 824 914 and EP-A-0 825 200 the disclosures of both of whichrelating to terpolymers and method for preparing them are specificallyincorporated by reference, herein.

[0214] In one embodiment of the invention, the terpolymer is the“Structure Plus®” polymer sold by the company National Starch, which isformed from (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl acrylates, amino (meth)acrylates anditaconate, polyoxyethylenated with 20 mol of ethylene oxide, in the formof an aqueous dispersion containing 20% Active Material.

[0215] In addition to the above-mentioned monomers, the terpolymersutilized in the invention may further comprise additional monomers thatallow the said terpolymers to be crosslinked. These monomers may be usedin relatively low proportions, up to 2% by weight relative to the totalweight of the monomers used to prepare the terpolymers. Non-limitingexamples of such crosslinking monomers may be chosen, for example, fromaromatic monomers bearing several vinyl substituents, alicyclic monomersbearing several vinyl substituents, bifunctional esters of phthalicacid, bifunctional esters of methacrylic acid, multifunctional esters ofacrylic acid, N-methylenebisacrylamide and aliphatic monomers bearingseveral vinyl substituents such as dienes, trienes and tetraenes.

[0216] Representative crosslinking monomers which may be used inaccordance with the invention are chosen from divinylbenzenes,trivinylbenzenes, 1,2,4-trivinylcyclohexene, 1,5-hexadiene,1,5,9-decatriene, 1,9-decadiene, 1,5-heptadiene, diallyl phthalates,ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylates,pentaacrylates, tetraacrylates, triallyl pentaerythritols, octaallylsucroses, cycloparaffins, cycloolefins and N-methylenebisacrylamide.

[0217] In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one cationicamphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from:

[0218] (i) quaternized celluloses modified with at least one groupcomprising at least one fatty chain, wherein said at least one group ischosen from alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, and alkylaryl groups andcontains at least 8 carbon atoms;

[0219] (ii) quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modified with at leastone group comprising at least one fatty chain, wherein said at least onegroup is chosen from alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, and alkylarylgroups and contains at least 8 carbon atoms;

[0220] (iii) cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes with at least onehydrophobic group comprising from 10 to 30 carbon atoms,

[0221] (iv) cationic amphiphilic polyvinyllactams, and

[0222] (v) an acrylic terpolymer formed from (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl acrylates,amino(meth)acrylates and itaconate polyoxyethylenated with 20 mol ofethylene oxide.

[0223] In the present invention, the at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain may be present in thecomposition in an amount ranging, for example from 0.01% to 3% by weightrelative to the total weight of the dye composition, such as from 0.02%to 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.

[0224] Oxyalkylenated Fatty Alcohols and Glycerolated Fatty Alcohols

[0225] The expression “oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol” is understood tomean any fatty alcohol of the following formula (IAA), such as a fattyalcohol that is at least substantially pure:

[0226] wherein:

[0227] R is chosen from optionally saturated, linear and branched groupscontaining from 8 to 40 carbon atoms such as for example, from 8 to 30carbon atoms,

[0228] Z is chosen from oxyethylenated groups and oxypropylenated groupsof formulae (i), (ii)₁, and (ii)₂:

[0229] m is a number ranging from 1 to 250 and for example ranging from2 to 100.

[0230] The expression “glycerolated fatty alcohol” is understood to meanany fatty alcohol of formula (IBB), such as any at least substantiallypure fatty alcohol:

[0231] wherein:

[0232] R is chosen from optionally saturated, linear and branched groupscontaining from 8 to 40 carbon atoms such as for example, from 8 to 30carbon atoms,

[0233] Z is chosen from glycerolated groups of formula (iii):

[0234] n is a number ranging from 1 to 30, such as for example from 1 to10.

[0235] The composition according the invention may comprise mixtures ofthese oxyalkylenated and glycerolated fatty alcohols.

[0236] Non-limiting examples of oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols may bechosen from optionally saturated, linear and branched fatty alcoholscontaining from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and from 2 to 40 ethylene oxidegroups.

[0237] Representative oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol type compounds,include those chosen from the following commercial products:

[0238] MERGITAL LM2 (Cognis) [lauryl alcohol 2EO];

[0239] IFRALAN L12 (Ifrachem) and REWOPAL 12 (Goldschmidt) [laurylalcohol 12 EO];

[0240] EMPILAN KA 2.5/90FL (Albright & Wilson) and MERGITAL BL309(Cognis) [decyl alcohol 3 EO];

[0241] EMPILAN KA 5/90FL (Albright & Wilson) and MERGITAL BL589 (Cognis)[decyl alcohol 5 EO];

[0242] BRIJ 58 (Uniquema) and SIMULSOL 58 (Seppic) [cetyl alcohol 20EO];

[0243] EUMULGIN 05 (Cognis) [oleocetyl alcohol 5 EO];

[0244] MERGITAL OC30 (Cognis) [oleocetyl alcohol 30 EO];

[0245] BRIJ 72 (Uniquema) [stearyl alcohol 2 EO];

[0246] BRIJ (Uniquema) [stearyl alcohol 10 EO];

[0247] BRIJ 78P (Uniquema) [stearyl alcohol 20 EO];

[0248] BRIJ 700 (Uniquema) [stearyl alcohol 100 EO];

[0249] EUMULGIN B1 (Cognis) [cetylstearyl alcohol 12 EO];

[0250] EUMULGIN L (Cognis) [cetyl alcohol 9 EO and 2 PO]; and

[0251] WITCONOL APM (Goldschmidt) [myristyl alcohol 3 PO].

[0252] Non-limiting representatives of glycerolated fatty alcohol typecompounds may be chosen, for example from lauryl alcohol containing 4mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-4 lauryl ether), oleyl alcoholcontaining 4 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-4 oleyl ether),oleyl alcohol containing 2 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-2oleyl ether), cetearyl alcohol containing 2 mol of glycerol, cetearylalcohol containing 6 mol of glycerol, oleocetyl alcohol containing 6 molof glycerol, and octadecanol containing 6 mol of glycerol.

[0253] In one embodiment of the invention, the fatty alcohols maycomprise a mixture of fatty alcohols. That is, it is possible forseveral fatty alcohol species chosen from oxyalkylenated fatty alcoholsand glycerolated fatty alcohols to coexist in the form of a mixture inone commercial product.

[0254] The oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolated fatty alcoholsmay be present in the composition according to the invention in anamount, for example, ranging from 0.05% to 50% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition, such as, for further example, from 2%to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0255] At Least One Hydroxylated Solvent

[0256] For the purposes of the invention, the term “hydroxylatedsolvent” is understood to be chosen from optionally saturated, cyclic,linear and branched compounds bearing at least one —OH function.

[0257] In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one hydroxylatedsolvent may comprise for example, from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, such asfrom 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Further in one specific embodiment, the atleast one hydroxylated solvent comprises 2 or 3 carbon atoms.

[0258] The at least one hydroxylated solvent used according to thepresent invention may be chosen for example from ethyl alcohol, propylalcohol, n-butyl alcohol, (C₂-C₆ )polyols such as2-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol,2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol and further still, glycerol, propylene glycol,dipropylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol.

[0259] Polyol ethers may also be used according to the invention,provided that they contain at least one free hydroxyl function.Non-limiting examples of polyol ethers may be chosen for example from(C₁-C₈)ethers of (C₂-C₉)glycols.

[0260] Among the (C₁-C₈)ethers of a (C₂-C₉)glycol, mention may be madefor example of:

[0261] (i) (C₁-C₈)ethers of a (C₂)glycol such as, for example,(C₄-C₈)alkyl ethers of a (C₂)glycol, such as ethylene glycol monobutylether, and (C₆-C₈)aryl ethers of a (C₂)glycol, such as ethylene glycolmonophenyl ether and ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether,

[0262] (ii) (C₁-C₈)ethers of a (C₃-C₉)glycol, chosen for example from:

[0263] (a) (C₁-C₈)alkyl ethers of a (C₃-C₉)glycol, chosen from propyleneglycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethyleneglycol monomethyl ether and monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycolmonomethyl ether and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and

[0264] (b) (C₆-C₈)aryl ethers of a C₃-C₉ glycol, chosen from propyleneglycol monophenyl ether, propylene glycol monobenzyl ether, diethyleneglycol monophenyl ether and diethylene glycol monobenzyl ether.

[0265] An at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weight ofless than 250 may be present in the composition in accordance with theinvention in an amount, for example, ranging from 0.01% to 25% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition, such as from 0.1% to20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0266] In the composition in accordance with the invention, the weightratio between the at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and the at least onehydroxylated solvent is greater than 1:1, such as for example, rangingfrom greater than 1:1 to 30:1 and further still, ranging from 1.5:1 to20:1.

[0267] Oxidation Dyes

[0268] The at least one oxidation dye which can be used according to thepresent invention is chosen from oxidation bases, and oxidationcouplers. In one embodiment, the compositions can comprise at least oneoxidation base.

[0269] The oxidation bases usable in the context of the presentinvention are chosen from those conventionally known as oxidation dyes.Representative oxidation dyes include ortho-phenylenediamines,para-phenylenediamines, double bases, ortho-aminophenols,para-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their acid addition salts.

[0270] For example, the following oxidation bases may be used:

[0271] (I) para-phenylenediamines chosen from compounds of formula (I),and their acid addition salts:

[0272] wherein:

[0273] R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, phenyl groups, 4′-aminophenyl groups,and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with at least one group chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups,

[0274] R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substitutedwith a substituent chosen from nitrogen-containing groups;

[0275] R₁ and R₂ may also form, together with the nitrogen to which theyare bonded, a 5-or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle ring,optionally substituted with, for example, at least one group chosen fromalkyl groups, hydroxyl groups and ureido groups;

[0276] R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as chlorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups,mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy)groups;

[0277] R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups.

[0278] Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (I) above may, forexample, be chosen from amino,(C₁-C₄) monoalkylamino,di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium, and ammonium groups.

[0279] Representative para-phenylenediamines of formula (I) above whichmay be used include para-phenylenediamine, para-toluylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylaniline,4-amino-3-chloro-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)aniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxy-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-(ethyl-β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamineand 2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid additionsalts.

[0280] In other embodiments of the present invention,para-phenylenediamines of formula (I) above can, for example, be chosenfrom para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts.

[0281] According to the invention, “double bases” is understood to meanthe compounds comprising at least two aromatic rings on which at leastone functional group chosen from amino groups and hydroxyl groups arecarried.

[0282] (II) Representative double bases chosen from compounds comprisingat least two aromatic rings substituted with at least one group chosenfrom amino and hydroxyl groups may include double bases chosen fromcompounds of formula (II), and their acid addition salts:

[0283] wherein:

[0284] Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with agroup chosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y

[0285] linker Y is chosen from linear and branched, divalent alkylenegroups comprising from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by,or optionally terminating with, at least one entity chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups and heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur, andnitrogen, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosen fromhydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups;

[0286] R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, andlinkers Y;

[0287] R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from hydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkylgroups;

[0288] provided that said compounds of formula (II) comprise only onelinker Y per molecule.

[0289] Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (II) includemono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium groups.

[0290] Representative double bases of formula (II) includeN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)-tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylene-diamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

[0291] In another embodiment of the invention, the double bases offormula (II) may be chosen fromN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

[0292] (III) para-aminophenols can be chosen from compounds of formula(III), and their acid addition salts:

[0293] wherein:

[0294] R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups;

[0295] R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.

[0296] Representative para-aminophenols of formula (III) above includepara-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol,4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol, and their acid additionsalts.

[0297] (IV) ortho-aminophenols can be chosen, for example, from2-aminophenol, 2-amino-1-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene,2-amino-6-methylbenzene, 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their acidaddition salts.

[0298] (V) heterocyclic bases can be chosen, for example, from pyridinederivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazole derivatives,pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives, and their acid addition salts.

[0299] Representative pyridine derivatives include 2,5-diaminopyridine,2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine, 2,3-diamino-6-methoxypyridine,2-(β-methoxyethyl)amino-3-amino-6-methoxypyridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine,and their acid addition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyridinederivatives have been described, for example in the patents GB 1,026,978and GB 1,153,196, the disclosures of which related to pyridinederivatives are specifically incorporated by reference herein.

[0300] Representative pyrimidine derivatives include2,4,5,6-tetra-aminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine,2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, and their acid addition salts.

[0301] Representative pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives include thosedescribed, for example, in the patent application FR-A-2 750 048, thedisclosure of which related to pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives isspecifically incorporated by reference herein. Such pyrazolo-pyrimidinederivatives include pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, such as

[0302] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0303] 2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0304] pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

[0305] 2,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

[0306] 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol;

[0307] 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-ol;

[0308] 2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ylamino)ethanol;

[0309] 2-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylamino)ethanol;

[0310]2-[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

[0311]2-[(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

[0312] 5,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0313] 2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0314] 2,5,N7,N7-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

[0315] their salts, such as their acid addition salts, and theirtautomeric forms when a tautomeric equilibrium exists.

[0316] Representative pyrazole derivatives include4,5-diamino-1-methylpyrazole, 3,4-diaminopyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(4′-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole,4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole,1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-hydroxyethylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-isopropyl-pyrazole,4-amino-5-(2′-aminoethyl)amino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole,3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 1-methyl-3,4,5-triaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and their acidaddition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyrazole derivatives havebeen described, for example in Patents DE 3,843,892, DE 4,133,957 andPatent Applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2,733,749 and DE 19543 988, the disclosures of which related to pyrazole derivatives arespecifically incorporated by reference herein.

[0317] In accordance with the present invention, the oxidation bases aregenerally present in an amount ranging for example from 0.0005% to 12%by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.005% to 8%.

[0318] Suitable couplers which may be used in the dyeing process of theinvention include couplers conventionally used in oxidation dyeingcompositions. Such couplers can be chosen, for example, frommeta-phenylene-diamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthols,such as monohydroxylated naphthalene derivatives and polyhydroxylatednaphthalene derivatives, sesamol and its derivatives, heterocycliccouplers, such as, for example, indole derivatives, indolinederivatives, pyridine derivatives, and their acid addition salts.

[0319] Representative couplers include 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,3-(4-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-5-ylmethyl)-1-methylpyridinium,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1-H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, and theiracid addition salts.

[0320] When these couplers are present, they are generally present in anamount ranging for example from 0.0001% to 10% by weight, relative tothe total weight of the composition, such as from 0.005% to 5%.

[0321] Generally, the acid addition salts of the oxidation bases andcouplers can be chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates,tartrates, lactates and acetates.

[0322] The compositions according to the invention may also comprise atleast one direct dye. Representative direct dyes which can be used inthe present invention include direct dyes that have conventionally beenused in direct dyeing compositions and lighting direct dyeingcompositions. For example, the dyes can be chosen from neutral,cationic, and anionic nitro dyes, neutral, cationic, and anionicanthraquinone dyes, and neutral, cationic, and anionic azo dyes.Generally, the direct dyes are present in amounts ranging for examplefrom 0.001% to 20% by weight of the total weight of the composition,such as for example from 0.01% to 10% by weight of the total weight ofthe composition.

[0323] In one embodiment of the invention, namely within theready-to-use composition, said at least one composition (A) and said atleast one composition (B) can further comprise at least one polymerchosen from cationic and amphoteric polymers, such as substantivepolymers.

[0324] Cationic Polymers

[0325] As used herein, “cationic polymer” refers to polymers chosen frompolymers comprising at least one cationic group and polymers comprisingat least one group which can be ionized to form cationic groups.

[0326] Representative cationic polymers which may be used in accordancewith the present invention include any of those already known to improveat least one cosmetic property of hair, such as, for example, thosedescribed in patent application EP-A-0 337 354 and in French patentapplications FR-A-2 270 846, 2 383 660, 2 598 611, 2 470 596 and 2 519863, the disclosures of which relating to cationic polymers arespecifically incorporated herein by reference.

[0327] According to the present invention, the at least one cationicpolymer may be chosen from polymers comprising units chosen from primaryamine groups, secondary amine groups, tertiary amine groups andquaternary amine groups, wherein said groups form part of the polymerskeleton, or are part of at least one lateral substituent on saidpolymer skeleton.

[0328] According to the present invention, the at least one cationicpolymer has a number-average molecular mass generally ranging forexample from 500 to 5×10⁶, such as from 1×10³ to 3×10⁶.

[0329] The at least one cationic polymer may, for example, be chosenfrom polymers of quaternary polyammonium type, polymers of polyaminoamide type and polymers of polyamine type. Such types of polymers areknown in the art. They are for example described in French patents Nos.2, 505, 348 and 2, 542, 997, the disclosures of which relating to suchpolymers are specifically incorporated by reference herein.

[0330] (1) homopolymers and copolymers derived from monomers chosen fromacrylic esters, methacrylic esters, and amides and comprising at leastone of the units of formula (I), (II), (III) or (IV) below:

[0331] wherein:

[0332] R₃, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen and a methyl group;

[0333] A, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched (C₁-C₆)alkyl groups, such as (C₂-C₃)alkyl groups,and (C₁-C₄)hydroxyalkyl groups;

[0334] R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from (C₁-C₁₈)alkyl groups, such as, (C₁-C₆), and a benzyl group;

[0335] R₁ and R₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and (C₁-C₆)alkyl groups, such as a methyl group and anethyl group;

[0336] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from at least oneinorganic acid and anions derived from at least one organic acid, suchas a methylsulfate anion and halides, such as chloride and bromide.

[0337] (1) homo- and copolymers of family (1) may further comprise atleast one unit derived from at least one comonomer chosen fromvinyllactams, vinyl esters, acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetoneacrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogenwith at least one group chosen from (C₁-C₄)alkyls, acrylic acids,methacrylic acids, acrylic esters, and methacrylic esters. Non-limitingexamples of vinyllactams include vinylpyrrolidone and vinylcaprolactam.

[0338] Non-limiting examples of copolymers of family (1) include:

[0339] copolymers derived from (i) acrylamide and (ii)dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with at least one groupchosen from a dimethylsulfate group and dimethylhalides, such as theproduct sold under the name HERCOFLOC by the company Hercules;

[0340] copolymers derived from (i) acrylamide and (ii)methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride described, for example,in patent application EP-A-080 976, the disclosure of which relating tosuch copolymers is specifically incorporated herein by reference, andwhich is sold under the name BINA QUAT P 100 by the company Ciba Geigy;

[0341] copolymers derived from (i) acrylamide and (ii)methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, such as, forexample, copolymers sold under the name RETEN by the company Hercules;

[0342] quaternized and non-quaternizedvinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate copolymers and quaternizedand non-quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylatecopolymers, such as the products sold under the name “GAFQUAT” by thecompany ISP, such as, for example, “GAFQUAT 734” or “GAFQUAT 755” andthe products known as “COPOLYMER 845, 958 and 937”. These polymers aredescribed in detail in French patents 2 077 143 and 2 393 573, thedisclosures of which relating to such copolymers are specificallyincorporated herein by reference;

[0343] dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidoneterpolymers, such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 bythe company ISP;

[0344] vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers,such as the product sold under the name STYLEZE CC 10 by ISP; and

[0345] quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamidecopolymers, such as the product sold under the name “GAFQUAT HS 100” bythe company ISP;

[0346] (2) cellulose ether derivatives comprising quaternary ammoniumgroups, such as those described in French patent 1,492,597, thedisclosure of which relating to the cellulose ether derivatives isspecifically incorporated herein by reference, and polymers sold underthe names “JR” (JR 400, JR 125 and JR 30M) and “LR” (LR 400, or LR 30M)by the company Union Carbide Corporation. These polymers are alsodefined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums ofhydroxyethylcellulose which have reacted with an epoxide substitutedwith a trimethylammonium group;

[0347] (3) cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymersand cellulose derivatives grafted with at least one water-solublemonomer of quaternary ammonium, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No.4,131,576, the disclosure of which relating to such cationic cellulosederivatives is specifically incorporated herein by reference, such ashydroxyalkylcelluloses (such as, for example, hydroxymethylcelluloses,hydroxyethylcelluloses and hydroxypropylcelluloses, wherein saidhydroxyalkylcelluloses are grafted with at least one salt chosen from,for example, methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts and dimethyldiallylammoniumsalts). For example, commercial products corresponding to theaforementioned cationic cellulose derivatives include the products soldunder the names “CELQUAT L 200” and “CELQUAT H 100” by the companyNational Starch;

[0348] (4) cationic polysaccharides, such as those described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, the disclosures of which relating tosuch cationic polysaccharides are incorporated herein by reference, suchas guar gums comprising at least one cationic trialkylammonium group.For example, guar gums modified with at least one salt, such as achloride salt, of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium may be used in thepresent invention. Such products are sold in particular under the tradenames JAGUAR C13 S, JAGUAR C 15, JAGUAR C 17 and JAGUAR C162 by thecompany Meyhall;

[0349] (5) polymers comprising (i) piperazinyl units and (ii) at leastunits chosen from divalent alkylene groups and divalent hydroxyalkylenegroups, wherein said at least one unit optionally comprises at least onechain chosen from straight chains and branched chains, wherein said atleast one chain is optionally interrupted by at least one entity chosenfrom oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings,the oxidation products of said polymers and the quaternization productsof said polymers. For example, such polymers are described in Frenchpatents 2,162,025 and 2,280,361, the disclosures of which relating tosuch polymers are specifically incorporated herein by reference;

[0350] (6) water-soluble polyamino amides which may be prepared bypolycondensation reaction of an acidic compound with a polyaminecompound, wherein said polyamino amides may be crosslinked with at leastone crosslinking agent chosen from epihalohydrins, diepoxides,dianhydrides, unsaturated dianhydrides, bis-unsaturated derivatives,bis-halohydrins, bis-azetidiniums, bis-haloacyldiamines, bis-alkylhalides and oligomers derived from reaction of at least one difunctionalcompound with at least one compound chosen from bis-halohydrins,bis-azetidiniums, bis-haloacyldiamines, bis-alkyl halides,epihalohydrins, diepoxides and bis-unsaturated derivatives, wherein saidcrosslinking agent may be used in a proportion generally ranging from0.025 mol to 0.35 mol per amine group of said polyamino amide, whereinsaid polyamino amides may optionally be alkylated, and wherein if saidpolyamino amides comprise at least one tertiary amine group, saidpolyamino amides may optionally be quaternized. For example, suchpolymers are described in French patents 2,252,840 and 2,368,508, thedisclosures of which relating to such polymers are specificallyincorporated herein by reference;

[0351] (7) polyamino amide derivatives derived from condensation of atleast one polyalkylene polyamine with at least one polycarboxylic acid,followed by alkylation with at least one bifunctional agent.Non-limiting examples of such polyamino amide derivatives include adipicacid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylene-triamine polymers wherein saidalkyl group is chosen from (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, such as a methyl group,an ethyl group and a propyl group. For example, such polymers aredescribed in French patent 1,583,363, the disclosure of which relatingto such polymers is specifically incorporated herein by reference.

[0352] Other non-limiting examples of such derivatives include theadipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl/diethylenetriamine polymers soldunder the name “CARTARETINE F, F4 or F8” by the company Sandoz.

[0353] (8) polymers derived from the reaction of (i) at least onepolyalkylene polyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at leastone secondary amine group with (ii) at least one dicarboxylic acidchosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acidscomprising from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. According to the present invention,the molar ratio of the at least one polyalkylene polyamine to the atleast one dicarboxylic acid generally ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.4:1. Thepolyamino amide resulting from the above reaction may be reacted withepichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to the at least onesecondary amine group of the polyamino amide generally ranging from0.5:1 to 1.8:1. For example, such polymers are described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,227,615 and 2,961,347, the disclosures of which relating to suchpolymers are specifically incorporated herein by reference.

[0354] Polymers of this type are sold in particular under the name“HERCOSETT 57” by the company Hercules Inc. and under the name “PD 170”or “DELSETTE 101” by the company Hercules in the case of adipicacid/epoxypropyl/diethylenetriamine copolymers.

[0355] (9) cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and cyclopolymers ofdialkyldiallylammonium, such as homopolymers and copolymers comprising,as a constituent of the chain, units chosen from units of formulae (V)and (VI):

[0356] wherein:

[0357] k and t, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom 0 and 1, with the proviso that the sum of k+t is equal to 1;

[0358] R₉, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen and a methyl group;

[0359] R₇ and R₈, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom alkyl groups comprising from (C₁-C₂₂)alkyl groups, such as,(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, hydroxyalkyl groups, such as (C₁-C₅)hydroxyalkylgroups, and (C₁-C₄)amidoalkyl groups;

[0360] R₇ and R₈, together with the nitrogen cation to which they arecommonly bonded, may additionally form at least one cationicheterocyclic group, such as a cationic piperidyl group and a cationicmorpholinyl group;

[0361] Y⁻ is an anion, such as a bromide anion, a chloride anion, anacetate anion, a borate anion, a citrate anion, a tartrate anion, abisulfate anion, a bisulfite anion, a sulfate anion and a phosphateanion. For example, such polymers are described in French patent2,080,759 and in its Certificate of Addition 2,190,406, the disclosuresof which are relating to such polymers are specifically incorporatedherein by reference.

[0362] Non-limiting examples of the (9) cyclopolymers defined aboveinclude the dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer sold under thename “MERQUAT 100” by the company Calgon (and its homologues of lowweight-average molecular mass) and copolymers of diallyidimethylammoniumchloride and of acrylamide, sold under the name “MERQUAT 550”.

[0363] (10) quaternary diammonium polymers comprising repeating units offormula (VII):

[0364] wherein:

[0365] R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from (C₁-C₂₀)aliphatic, (C₂-C₂₂)alicyclic groups,(C₅-C₂₀)arylaliphatic groups, and lower hydroxyalkyl groups; and

[0366] additionally at least two of said R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, togetherwith the nitrogen cations to which they are attached, may form at leastone cationic heterocycle optionally comprising an additional heteroatomother than nitrogen; and

[0367] additionally, R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from linear and branched (C₁-C₆)alkyl groupssubstituted with at least one group chosen from a nitrile group, estergroups, acyl groups, amide groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae —CO—O—R₁₇-D and —CO—NH—R₁₇-D wherein R₁₇ is chosen fromalkylene groups and D is chosen from quaternary ammonium groups;

[0368] A₁ and B₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated(C₂-C₂₀)polymethylene groups, wherein said polymethylene groups mayoptionally comprise, optionally linked to and optionally intercalated inthe main chain, at least one entity chosen from aromatic rings, oxygen,sulfur, sulfoxide groups, sulfone groups, disulfide groups, aminogroups, alkylamino groups, hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups,ureido groups, amide groups and ester groups; and

[0369] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids; and

[0370] A₁, R₁₃ and R₁₅ may optionally form, together with the nitrogencations to which they are attached, at least one piperazine ring;

[0371] with the proviso that if A₁ is chosen from linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated (C₂-C₂₀)polymethylene groups and linear andbranched, saturated and unsaturated hydroxy(C₂-C₂₀)polymethylene groups,B₁ may also be chosen from groups of formula:

—(CH₂)_(n)—CO-D-OC—(CH₂)_(n)—

[0372] wherein:

[0373] n is a number ranging from 1 to 100, such as, from 1 to 50;

[0374] D is chosen from:

[0375] a) glycol residues of formula: —O—Z—O—, wherein Z is chosen fromlinear and branched hydrocarbon groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae:

—(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—CH₂—;

[0376] and

—[CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O]_(y)—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—;

[0377] wherein x and y, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from integers ranging from 1 to 4 (in which case x and yrepresent a defined and unique degree of polymerization) and any numberranging from 1 to 4 (in which case x and y represent an average degreeof polymerization);

[0378] b) bis-secondary diamine residues such as piperazine derivatives;

[0379] c) bis-primary diamine residues chosen from residues of formula:—NH—Y—NH—, wherein Y is chosen from linear and branched hydrocarbongroups and residues of formula —CH₂—CH₂—S—S—CH₂—CH₂—; and

[0380] d) ureylene groups of formula: —NH—CO—NH—.

[0381] In one embodiment, X⁻ is an anion chosen from a chloride anionand a bromide anion.

[0382] According to the present invention, the quaternary diammoniumpolymers have a number-average molecular mass generally ranging, forexample, from 1000 to 100,000.

[0383] For example, polymers of this type are described in French PatentNos. 2,320,330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and U.S.Pat. Nos. 2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614, 2,454,547, 3,206,462,2,261,002, 2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904,4,005,193, 4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027,020, thedisclosures of which relating to such polymers are specificallyincorporated herein by reference.

[0384] Further, according to the present invention, polymers comprisingrepeating units of formula (VIII) may be used:

[0385] wherein:

[0386] R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups and (C₁-C₄)hydroxyalkyl groups;

[0387] n and p, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom integers ranging from 2 to 20; and

[0388] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids.

[0389] (11) polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising repeating unitsof formula (IX):

[0390] wherein:

[0391] p is an integer ranging from 1 to 6,

[0392] D is chosen from a direct bond and —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— groups, whereinr is a number equal to 4 or 7, and

[0393] X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acidsand anions derived from organic acids.

[0394] For example, such compounds are described in patent applicationEP-A-122,324, the disclosure of which relating to such compounds isspecifically incorporated by reference herein, and may be preparedaccording to the procedures described in the U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,157,388,4,390,689, 4,702,906, and 4,719,282, the disclosures of which relatingto such preparation procedures are specifically incorporated byreference herein.

[0395] Among these, there may be mentioned for example the products“Mirapol A 15”, “Mirapol AD1”, “Mirapol AZ1” and Mirapol 175” sold bythe company Miranol.

[0396] (12) quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternarypolymers of vinylimidazole, such as, for example, the products soldunder the names LUVIQUAT FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company BASF.

[0397] (13) polyamines, such as POLYQUART H sold by Henkel under thereference name “POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (15) TALLOW POLYAMINE” in the CTFAdictionary.

[0398] (14) crosslinked(meth)acryloyloxy(C₁-C₄)alkyltri(C₁-C₄)alkylammonium salt polymers, suchas the polymers derived from homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride and polymers derived fromcopolymerization, for example, of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate quaternized with a methyl halide (such as methyl chloride),wherein the homo- or copolymerization is followed by crosslinking withat least one compound comprising olefinic unsaturation, such asmethylenebisacrylamide. For example, a crosslinkedacrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer(20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion comprising 50% by weightof said copolymer in mineral oil may be used. This dispersion is soldunder the name “SALCARE SC 92” by the company Allied Colloids. Further,a crosslinked methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride homopolymercomprising 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in aliquid ester may be used. These dispersions are sold under the names“SALCARE SC 95” and “SALCARE SC 96” by the company Allied Colloids.

[0399] The at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers accordingto the present invention, may for example, be chosen frompolyalkyleneimines (such as polyethyleneimines), polymers comprisingvinylpyridine units, polymers comprising vinylpyridinium units,condensates of polyamines, condensates of epichlorohydrin, quaternarypolyureylenes and chitin derivatives.

[0400] Other embodiments of the invention use cationic polymers chosenfrom the polymers of (1), (9), (10), (11) and (14). For example,polymers of formulae (W) and (U) can be used:

[0401] In one embodiment of the invention, the polymers of formula (W)have a weight-average molar mass, determined by gel permeationchromatography ranging from 9500 to 9900. In addition, in one embodimentof the invention, the polymers of formula (U) have a weight-averagemolar mass, determined by gel permeation chromatography of 1200.

[0402] The concentration of the at least one polymer chosen fromcationic polymers other than the at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer of the present invention, in the composition according to thepresent invention, may range, for example, from 0.01% to 10% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition, such as for example,from 0.05% to 5% and further still, from 0.1% to 3% by weight relativeto the total weight of the composition.

[0403] Amphoteric Polymers

[0404] The amphoteric polymers which can be used in the presentinvention can be chosen, for example, from polymers comprising K and Munits distributed statistically in the polymer chain, wherein:

[0405] K is a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one basicnitrogen atom and M is a unit derived from an acid monomer comprising atleast one group chosen from carboxylic groups and sulfonic groups; oralternatively

[0406] K and M, which are identical or different, are each groups chosenfrom groups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines andgroups derived from zwitterionic monomers of sulfobetaines; oralternatively

[0407] K and M, which are identical or different, may also each bechosen from polymers comprising cationic polymer chains comprising atleast one amine group chosen from primary, secondary, tertiary andquaternary amine groups, wherein at least one of the amine groups issubstituted with a group chosen from carboxylic groups and sulfonicgroups linked via a hydrocarbon group; or alternatively

[0408] K and M may form part of a chain of a polymer with anα,β-dicarboxylic ethylene unit wherein one of the carboxylic groups hasbeen caused to react with a polyamine comprising at least one aminegroup chosen from primary amine groups and secondary amine groups.

[0409] Representative amphoteric polymers defined above that can be usedinclude the following polymers:

[0410] (1) The polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomerderived from a vinyl compound substituted with a carboxylic group suchas acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and α-chloroacrylicacid, and of a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compoundcomprising at least one basic atom such as dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide andacrylamide. Such compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,537, thedisclosure of which related to such compounds is specificallyincorporated by reference herein. The sodiumacrylate/acrylamidopropyl-trimethylammonium chloride copolymer soldunder the name of “POLYQUART KE 3033” by the company HENKEL can also becited.

[0411] The vinyl compound can also be a salt of dialkyldiallylammoniumsuch as diethyldiallylammonium chloride. The copolymers of acrylic acidand the latter monomer are sold under the name “MERQUAT 280”, “MERQUAT295” and “MERQUAT PLUS 3330” by the company CALGON.

[0412] (2) The polymers comprising units derived from:

[0413] a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides substituted onthe nitrogen by an alkyl group and methacrylamides substituted on thenitrogen by an alkyl group,

[0414] b) at least one acidic comonomer comprising at least one reactivecarboxylic group, and

[0415] c) at least one basic comonomer such as comonomers chosen fromesters of acrylic acid and esters of methacrylic acid, said esters beingsubstituted with at least one amine chosen from primary, secondary,tertiary and quaternary amines, and the product of quaternization ofdimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with a sulfate chosen from dimethylsulfate and diethyl sulfate.

[0416] Some embodiments according to the invention utilize N-substitutedacrylamides and N-substituted methacrylamides comprising (C₂-C₁₂)alkylgroups, such as N-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide,N-tert-octylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, andN-dodecylacrylamide, as well as the corresponding methacrylamides.

[0417] The acidic comonomers can be chosen, for example, from acrylic,methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as the(C₁-C₄)alkyl monoesters of entities chosen from maleic anhydride,fumaric anhydride, maleic acid, and fumaric acid.

[0418] The basic comonomers can be chosen, for example, frommethacrylates of aminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N,N′-dimethylaminoethyl,and N-tert-butylaminoethyl.

[0419] Additionally, the copolymers having the CTFA name (4^(th)edition, 1991) Octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethylmethacrylatecopolymer such as the products sold under the name AMPHOMER and LOVOCRYL47 by NATIONAL STARCH can also be used.

[0420] (3) The partially and completely alkylated and crosslinkedpolyaminoamides derived from polyaminoamides of formula:

CO—R₁₉—CO—Z  (X)

[0421] wherein:

[0422] R₁₉ is a divalent group chosen from groups derived from saturateddicarboxylic acids, groups derived from dicarboxylic aromatic acids,groups derived from mono- and dicarboxylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond, groups derived from an ester of(C₁-C₆)alkanols of said acids, and groups derived from the addition ofany one of said aforementioned acids with an amine chosen frombis-primary and bis-secondary amines, and

[0423] Z is a divalent group derived from polyalkylene-polyamines chosenfrom bis-primary, and mono- and bis-secondary polyalkylene-polyamines,for example, Z represents:

[0424] a) in an amount ranging from 60 mol % to 100 mol %, the group

[0425] wherein x=2 and p=2 or 3, or alternatively x=3 and p=2, it beingunderstood that group Z of formula a) is derived from a compound chosenfrom diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine and dipropylenetriamine;

[0426] b) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 40 mol %, (1) said groups(XI) above in which x=2 and p=1 and which said group is derived from acompound chosen from ethylenediamine, and (2) groups derived frompiperazine:

[0427] c) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 20 mol %, thepolyalkylene-polyamine group —NH—(CH₂)₆—NH—, which is derived fromhexamethylenediamine, wherein said polyalkylene-polyamine group iscrosslinked by adding a bifunctional crosslinking agent (chosen from theepihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, and bis-unsaturatedderivatives) present in an amount ranging from 0.025 mol to 0.35 mol ofcrosslinking agent per amine group of the polyamino amide and alkylatedby the action of at least one compound chosen from acrylic acid,chloroacetic acid, alkanesultones, and salts thereof.

[0428] The saturated dicarboxylic acids are for example chosen fromsaturated (C₆-C₁₀) dicarboxylic acids such as adipic,2,2,4-trimethyladipic and 2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid.

[0429] Representative dicarboxylic aromatic acids include for example(C₆-C₁₀) dicarboxylic aromatic acids, such as terephthalic acid. Andrepresentative mono- and dicarboxylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond include for example acrylic, methacrylicand itaconic acids.

[0430] The alkanesultones used in the alkylation can, for example, bechosen from propanesultone and butanesultone, and the salts of thealkylating agents can be chosen from sodium and potassium salts of saidalkylating agents.

[0431] (4) The polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula:

[0432] wherein:

[0433] R₂₀ is chosen from residues of polymerizable unsaturated groupssuch as acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide and methacrylamide groups,

[0434] y and z, which can be identical or different, are each chosenfrom integers ranging from 1 to 3,

[0435] R₂₁ and R₂₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen, and methyl, ethyl and propyl groups,

[0436] R₂₃ and R₂₄, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and alkyl groups, provided that the sum of the carbonatoms in R₂₃ and R₂₄ does not exceed 10.

[0437] The polymers comprising such units may also comprise unitsderived from nonzwitterionic monomers such as dimethylaminoethylacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate,diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates,alkyl acrylamides, alkyl methacrylamides, and vinyl acetate.

[0438] By way of example, there may be mentioned the copolymer of methylmethacrylate/methyl dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate suchas the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

[0439] (5) The polymers derived from chitosan comprising at least onemonomeric unit chosen from formulae (XIII), (XIV) and (XV):

[0440] wherein said unit (XIII) is present in an amount ranging forexample from 0% to 30%, by weight relative to the total weight of saidpolymer, said unit (XIV) is present in an amount ranging for examplefrom 5% to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of said polymer,and said unit (XV) is present in an amount ranging for example from 30%to 90% by weight relative to the total weight of said polymer,

[0441] and wherein in said unit (XV), R₂₅ is chosen from groups offormula:

[0442] wherein:

[0443] q is equal to 0 or 1, and

[0444] (i) when q is equal to 0, R₂₆, R₂₇ and R₂₈, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from:

[0445] hydrogen,

[0446] methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy, and amino groups,

[0447] monoalkylamine and dialkylamine groups optionally interrupted byat least one nitrogen atom and/or optionally substituted with at leastone group chosen from amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio and sulfonicgroups, and

[0448] alkylthio groups wherein said alkyl portion of said alkylthiogroup carries an amino group,

[0449] provided that at least one of said R₂₆, R₂₇ and R₂₈ groups ischosen from hydrogen; and

[0450] (ii) when q is equal to 1, R₂₆, R₂₇ and R₂₈, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, and the saltsformed by these polymers (5) with bases, and the salts formed by thesepolymers (5) with acids

[0451] (6) The polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosansuch as N-carboxymethyl chitosan and N-carboxybutyl chitosan sold underthe name “EVALSAN” by the company JAN DEKKER.

[0452] (7) The polymers of formula (XVI), which are described forexample in French Patent 1 400366, the disclosure of which relating tosuch polymers is specifically incorporated by reference herein:

[0453] wherein:

[0454] r is chosen such that the number-average molecular weight of saidpolymer ranges from 500 to 6,000,000, such as from 1000 to 1,000,000.

[0455] R₂₉ is chosen from hydrogen and CH₃O, CH₃CH₂O, and phenyl groups,

[0456] R₃₀ and R₃₁, which are identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydrogen and lower alkyl groups comprising up to 6 carbon atomssuch as methyl and ethyl,

[0457] R₃₂ is chosen from lower alkyl groups comprising up to 6 carbonatoms such as methyl and ethyl and groups of formula: —R₃₃—N(R₃₁)₂,wherein R₃₁ is as defined above and R₃₃ is defined below,

[0458] R₃₃ is chosen from —CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—, and —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—.

[0459] (8) Amphoteric polymers of the -D-X-D-X- type, which aredescribed for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,059, the disclosure ofwhich relating to amphoteric polymers is specifically incorporated byreference herein, chosen from:

[0460] a) polymers derived from reaction of chloroacetic acid or sodiumchloroacetate with at least one compound comprising at least one unit offormula (XVII):

-D-X-D-X-D-   (XVII)

[0461] wherein D is a group:

[0462] and X is chosen from the symbols E and E′, wherein E and E′,which are identical or different, are each chosen from bivalent groupschosen from alkylene groups comprising at least one chain chosen fromlinear and branched chains comprising up to 7 carbon atoms in theprincipal chain, wherein said principal chain is optionally substitutedwith at least one hydroxyl group, and wherein said alkylene groupsoptionally comprise at least one atom chosen from oxygen, nitrogen, andsulfur, wherein said at least one optional atom is present in the formof at least one group chosen from ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone,sulfonium, alkylamine and alkenylamine groups, and hydroxyl,benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, alcohol,ester and urethane groups, and wherein said alkylene groups optionallycomprise 1 to 3 rings chosen from aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings,

[0463] b) polymers of formula:

-D-X-D-X-   (XIII)

[0464] wherein:

[0465] D is a group:

[0466] X is chosen from the symbols E and E′ and wherein at least one Xis chosen from E′,-E is chosen from bivalent groups chosen from alkylenegroups comprising at least one chain chosen from linear and branchedchains comprising up to 7 carbon atoms in the principal chain, whereinsaid principal chain is optionally substituted with at least onehydroxyl group, and wherein said alkylene groups optionally comprise atleast one atom chosen from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, wherein said atleast one optional atom is present in the form of at least one groupchosen from ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamineand alkenylamine groups, and hydroxyl, benzylamine, amine oxide,quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, alcohol, ester and urethane groups,and wherein said alkylene groups optionally comprise 1 to 3 rings chosenfrom aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings, and

[0467] E′ is a bivalent group chosen from alkylene groups comprising atleast one chain chosen from linear and branched chains comprising up to7 carbon atoms in the principal chain, wherein said principal chain isoptionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, and whereinsaid alkylene groups comprise at least one nitrogen atom substitutedwith an alkyl chain, wherein said alkyl chain is optionally interruptedby an oxygen atom and, wherein said alkyl chain comprises at least onefunctional group chosen from carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups,and wherein said at least one alkyl chain is betainized by reaction witha reactant chosen from chloroacetic acid and sodium chloroacetate.

[0468] (9) (C₁-C₅)alkyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride copolymerspartially modified by semiamidation with an N,N-dialkylaminoalkylaminesuch as, for example, N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine or bysemiesterification with an N,N-dialkanolamine. These copolymers may alsocomprise other vinyl comonomers such as, for example, vinylcaprolactam.

[0469] The amphoteric polymers of family (1), are utilized in certainembodiments of the invention.

[0470] According to the invention, the at least one polymer chosen fromamphoteric polymers may be present in an amount ranging, for example,from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 0.05% to 5% by weight, and further, such asfrom 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.

[0471] The medium, for the composition, which is suitable for dyeing isan aqueous medium comprising water and at least one hydroxylatedsolvents as described above.

[0472] The composition in accordance with the invention may furthercomprise an effective amount of at least one agent conventionally usedin oxidation dyeing, such as at least one adjuvant chosen from, forexample, sequestering agents such as EDTA and etidronic acid, UVscreening agents, waxes, volatile and non-volatile, cyclic, linear andbranched silicones, optionally organomodified with groups such as aminegroups, nonionic polymers, anionic polymers, cationic surfactants,anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants otherthan those of already mentioned, amphiphilic polymers comprising atleast one fatty chain other than the cationic amphiphilic polymerscomprising at least one fatty chain previously mentioned, such as forexample, nonionic polymers of polyurethane type, thickeners containingsugar units, preserving agents, ceramides, pseudoceramides, plant oils,mineral oils, synthetic oils, vitamins, provitamins such as for example,panthenol, and opacifiers.

[0473] Further non-limiting examples of the at least one agentconventionally used in oxidation dyeing may be chosen from reducingagents and antioxidants, such as for example, sodium sulphite,thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, sodium bisulphite, dehydroascorbicacid, hydroquinone, 2-methylhydroquinone, tert-butylhydroquinone andhomogentisic acid. The at least one agent may be present in thecomposition of the invention in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 3% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as forexample, from 0.05% to 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

[0474] One skilled in the art should take care to select said optionallycomplementary compounds, such that the advantageous propertiesintrinsically associated with the dye composition according to theinvention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by theadditions envisaged.

[0475] In the composition according to the invention, said at least onecomposition (B) may comprise at least one oxidizing agent chosen, forexample, from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromatesand ferricyanides, and persalts such as perborates and persulfates. Forexample, hydrogen peroxide may be used. This oxidizing agentadvantageously comprises an oxygenated aqueous solution of which thetitre may range from 1 to 40 in volume, such as from 5 to 40.

[0476] As an oxidizing agent, at least one oxidation-reduction enzymesuch as 2-electron oxydoreductases (for example, laccases), peroxydases,and 2-electron oxydoreductases (such as uricase), if necessary in thepresence of their corresponding donor or cofactor, may also be used.

[0477] The pH of the dyeing composition (A) or of the compositionapplied to the keratinous fibers [composition resulting from mixing thedye composition (A) and the oxidizing composition (B)], generally rangesfrom 4 to 12, such as from 6 to 11, and may be adjusted to the desiredvalue by means of at least one agent chosen from acidifying andbasifying agents well-known in the art of dyeing keratinous fibers.

[0478] Representative basifying agents include aqueous ammonia, alkalimetal carbonates, alkanolamines such as for example, those chosen frommonoethanolamines, diethanolamines, triethanolamines and derivativesthereof, oxyethylenated hydroxyalkylamines, oxypropylenatedhydroxyalkylamines, oxyethylenated ethylenediamines, oxypropylenatedethylenediamines, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and compounds offormula (XIX):

[0479] wherein:

[0480] R is a propylene residue optionally substituted with a groupchosen from hydroxyl group and (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups;

[0481] R₃₈, R₃₉, R₄₀ and R₄₁, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from hydrogen, (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups.

[0482] Representative acidifying agents include, classically, by way ofexample, organic and inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid,orthophosphoric acid, and carboxylic acids such as, for example,tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, and sulfonic acids.

[0483] In one embodiment of the invention, the dyeing process comprisesapplying on dry or wet keratinous fibers, such as human keratinousfibers like hair, at least one ready-to-use composition, prepared at thetime of use from at least one dyeing composition (A) and at least oneoxidizing composition (B) and in leaving said at least one ready-to-usecomposition on said keratinous fibers for a time ranging from 1 to 60minutes, such as from 10 to 45 minutes, rinsing said keratinous fibers,optionally shampooing said keratinous fibers, rinsing said keratinousfibers after said optional shampooing, and drying said keratinousfibers, wherein said at least one ready-to-use composition comprises:

[0484] (1) at least one composition (A) comprising, in a medium suitablefor dyeing:

[0485] (a) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at leastone fatty chain, and

[0486] (b) a combination comprising:

[0487] (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and

[0488] (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weightof less than 250,

[0489] wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1; and

[0490] (2) at least one composition (B) comprising at least oneoxidation dye.

[0491] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities ofingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions,and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understoodas being modified in all instances by the term “about”. Accordingly,unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth inthe following specification and attached claims are approximations thatmay vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained bythe present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limitthe application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of theclaims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in lightof the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinaryrounding techniques.

[0492] Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters settingforth the broad scope of the invention are approximations, the numericalvalues set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely aspossible. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certainerrors necessarily resulting from the standard deviation found in theirrespective testing measurements.

[0493] The following example is intended to illustrate the inventionwithout in anyway limiting the scope thereof.

EXAMPLE

[0494] Two oxidation dye compositions were prepared:

[0495] one, composition 1, according to the invention, with a weightratio of oxyethylenated fatty alcohols/hydroxylated solvent (glycerol)equal to 10.8:1,

[0496] the other, composition 2, not in accordance with the invention,with a weight ratio of oxyethylenated fatty alcohols/hydroxylatedsolvent (glycerol) equal to 0.5:1. Dye compositions: (expressed in grams%) Dye compositions 1 2 Oxyethylenated fatty alcohols 32.5 5 Glycerol 310 Oleic acid 2 2 Oleyl alcohol 1.8 1.8 Coconut acidmonoisopropanolamide 4 4 Cationic amphiphilic polymer: Quatrisoft LM 2000.3 0.3 sold by the company Amerchol Non-amphiphilic cationic polymer offormula (W) 1.8 AM* 1.8 AM* Amphoteric polymer (Merquat 280 from Calgon)1.22 AM* 1.22 AM* Plant oils 0.6 0.6 Sequestering agent, antioxidant,reducing agent q.s. q.s. Aqueous ammonia (20% NH₃) 8 8*1,3-Dihydroxybenzene (resorcinol) 0.011 0.011 Para-phenylenediamine 0.310.31 1-Hydroxy-3-aminobenzene 0.035 0.035 1-Hydroxy-2-aminobenzene 0.0230.023 1-Hydroxy-4-aminobenzene 0.53 0.535-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol 1.07 1.07 4-N-methylphenylsulfate 0.43 0.43 5-methyl-2-aminophenol 0.12 0.12 Water qs 100 100

[0497] The dye compositions were mixed together, at the time of use, ina plastic bowl, with an oxidizing composition (described below), at arate of 1 part of dye composition per 1.5 parts of oxidizingcomposition. Oxidizing composition: Fatty alcohol 2.3 Oxyethylenatedfatty alcohol 0.6 Fatty amide 0.9 Glycerol 0.5 Hydrogen peroxide 7.5Fragrance qs Demineralized water qs 100

[0498] Locks of 3 grams of natural hair containing 90% white hairs wereeach impregnated with the mixtures obtained above (bath ratio: 10 g ofmixture per 1 g of hair) and were laid out flat on a support.

[0499] The color of these locks was then measured using a Minolta CM2002colorimeter in the L*a*b* system, at a time T0, T5 minutes and T10minutes.

[0500] In the L*a*b* system, the 3 parameters denote, respectively, theintensity (L*), the shade (a*) and the saturation (b*).

[0501] According to this system, the greater the value of L, the lighteror less intense the color. Conversely, the lower the value of L, thedarker or more intense the color.

[0502] The ΔL relative to the value of L at T0 (LT0) represents a changein the value of L: the more negative the ΔL, the faster the mixturedarkens, and thus the greater the oxidation of the mixture.

ΔL5=LT5−LT0,

ΔL10=LT10−LT0.

[0503] The results are collated in Table (1) below: TABLE 1 Colorimetricmeasurements (average of 5 measurements) Composition 1 Composition 2 LT025.7 25.8 LT5 19.0 13.0 ΔL5 −6.7 −12.8 LT10 14.8 7.1 ΔL10 −10.9 −18.7

[0504] Conclusion: The ΔL values at 5 and 10 minutes are much morenegative in the case of composition 2 not in accordance with theinvention than in the case of composition 1 according to the invention,which indicates that the color of the dye mixture changes much lessquickly in the case of the invention.

What is claimed:
 1. A composition for oxidation dyeing of keratinousfibers comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing: (a) at least oneoxidation dye, (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprisingat least one fatty chain, and (c) a combination comprising: (I) at leastone compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolatedfatty alcohols, and (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having amolecular weight of less than 250, wherein the weight ratio of (I) to(II) is greater than 1:1.
 2. A composition according to claim 1, whereinsaid oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols are chosen from formula (IAA):

wherein: R is chosen from optionally saturated, linear and branchedgroups containing from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, Z is chosen fromoxyethylenated groups and oxypropylenated groups of formulae (i), (ii)₁,and (ii)₂:

and m is a number ranging from 1 to
 250. 3. A composition according toclaim 2, wherein m is a number ranging from 2 to
 100. 4. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols arechosen from optionally saturated, linear and branched fatty alcoholscontaining from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and from 2 to 40 ethylene oxidegroups.
 5. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said glycerolatedfatty alcohols are chosen from formula (IBB):

wherein: R is chosen from optionally saturated, linear and branchedgroups containing from 8 to 40 carbon atoms, Z is chosen fromglycerolated groups of formula (iii):

and n is a number ranging from 1 to
 30. 6. A composition according toclaim 5, wherein n is a number ranging from 1 to
 10. 7. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at least one compound chosen fromoxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols is presentin an amount ranging from 0.05% to 50% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 8. A composition according to claim 7,wherein said at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols is present in an amount rangingfrom 2% to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 9. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said atleast one hydroxylated solvent comprises from 2 to 12 carbon atoms. 10.A composition according to claim 9, wherein said at least onehydroxylated solvent comprises from 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
 11. Acomposition according to claim 10, wherein said at least onehydroxylated solvent comprises from 2 to 3 carbon atoms.
 12. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one hydroxylatedsolvent is chosen from ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol,polyol ethers and (C₂-C₆)polyols.
 13. A composition according to claim12, wherein said (C₂-C₆)polyols are chosen from 2-methyl-1,3-butanediol,2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol,2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol.14. A composition according to claim 12, wherein said (C₂-C₆)polyols arechosen from glycerol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and1,3-propanediol.
 15. A composition according to claim 12, wherein saidat least one hydroxylated solvent is chosen from polyol etherscomprising at least one free hydroxyl function.
 16. A compositionaccording to claim 15, wherein said polyol ethers are chosen from(C₁-C₈)ethers of (C₂-C₉)glycols.
 17. A composition according to claim16, wherein said polyol ethers are chosen from ethylene glycol monobutylether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monobenzylether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethylether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethylether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycolmonomethyl ether, propylene glycol monophenyl ether, propylene glycolmonobenzyl ether, diethylene glycol monophenyl ether, and diethyleneglycol monobenzyl ether.
 18. A composition according to claim 1, whereinsaid at least one hydroxylated solvent is present in said composition inan amount ranging from 0.01% to 25% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 19. A composition according to claim 18,wherein said at least one hydroxylated solvent is present in saidcomposition in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 20% by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 20. A composition according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one hydroxylated solvent is chosen fromlinear and branched compounds bearing at least one —OH function.
 21. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of said atleast one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols andglycerolated fatty alcohols, and said at least one hydroxylated solventranges from greater than 1:1 to 30:1.
 22. A composition according toclaim 21, wherein the weight ratio of said at least one compound chosenfrom oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, andsaid at least one hydroxylated solvent ranges from 1.5:1 to 20:1.
 23. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxidationdye is chosen from oxidation bases and oxidation couplers.
 24. Acomposition according to claim 23, wherein said oxidation bases arechosen from ortho-phenylenediamines, para-phenylenediamines, doublebases, ortho- para-aminophenols, para-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases,and their acid addition salts.
 25. A composition according to claim 24,wherein said para-phenylenediamines are chosen from compounds of formula(I), and their acid addition salts:

wherein: R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, phenyl groups, 4′-aminophenyl groups,and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with at least one group chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups, R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkylgroups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groupssubstituted with a substituent chosen from nitrogen-containing groups;R₁ and R₂ may also form, together with the nitrogen to which they arebonded, a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle ring,optionally substituted with at least one group chosen from alkyl groups,hydroxyl groups and ureido groups; R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens,C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄alkyl) groups, hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy)groups, mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄alkoxy) groups; R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkylgroups.
 26. A composition according to claim 24, wherein saidpara-phenylenediamines are chosen from para-phenylenediamine,para-toluylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylaniline,4-amino-3-chloro-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)aniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-(ethyl-β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamineand 2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid additionsalts.
 27. A composition according to claim 25, wherein saidnitrogen-containing groups are chosen from amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium groups and ammonium groups.
 28. A composition according toclaim 24, wherein said double bases are chosen from the compounds offormula (II) and their acid addition salts:

wherein: Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with agroup chosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y linker Y is chosenfrom linear and branched, divalent alkylene groups comprising from 1 to14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by, or optionally terminatingwith, at least one entity chosen from nitrogen-containing groups andheteroatoms, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups; R₅ and R₆, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and linkers Y; R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups; provided that saidcompounds of formula (II) comprise only one linker Y per molecule.
 29. Acomposition according to claim 28, wherein said nitrogen-containinggroups are chosen from amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium groups and ammonium groups.
 30. A composition according toclaim 24, wherein said double bases are chosen fromN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.
 31. A composition according to claim 24, wherein saidpara-aminophenols are chosen from compounds of formula (III), and theiracid addition salts:

wherein: R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups,amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups;R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.
 32. A composition according to claim24, wherein said para-aminophenols are chosen from para-aminophenol,4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2-(-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol,and their acid addition salts.
 33. A composition according to claim 24,wherein said heterocyclic bases are chosen from pyridine derivatives,pyrimidine derivatives, and pyrazole derivatives.
 34. A compositionaccording to claim 24, wherein said ortho-aminophenols are chosen fromfrom 2-aminophenol, 2-amino-1-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene,2-amino-6-methylbenzene, 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their acidaddition salts.
 35. A composition according to claim 24, wherein saidoxidation bases are present in an amount ranging from 0.0005% to 12% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 36. Acomposition according to claim 35, wherein said oxidation bases arepresent in an amount ranging from 0.005% to 8% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.
 37. A composition according to claim23, wherein said oxidation couplers are chosen frommeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthols,sesamol and its derivatives, heterocyclic couplers, and their acidaddition salts.
 38. A composition according to claim 23, wherein saidoxidation couplers are present in amounts ranging from 0.0001% to 10% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 39. Acomposition according to claim 38, wherein said oxidation couplers arepresent in amounts ranging from 0.005% to 5% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.
 40. A composition according to claim24, wherein said acid addition salts are chosen from hydrochlorides,hydrobromides, sulfates, tartrates, lactates and acetates.
 41. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one cationicamphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from:(i) quaternized celluloses modified with at least one group comprisingat least one fatty chain, wherein said at least one group is chosen fromalkyl groups, arylalkyl groups, and alkylaryl groups and contains atleast 8 carbon atoms; (ii) quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modifiedwith at least one group comprising at least one fatty chain, whereinsaid at least one group is chosen from alkyl groups, arylalkyl groups,and alkylaryl groups and contains at least 8 carbon atoms; (iii)cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes with at least one hydrophobic groupcomprising from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, (iv) cationic amphiphilicpolyvinyllactams, and (v) an acrylic terpolymer formed from(C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl acrylates, amino(meth)acrylates and itaconatepolyoxyethylenated with 20 mol of ethylene oxide.
 42. A compositionaccording to claim 41, wherein the alkyl groups of said quaternizedcelluloses and quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses comprise from 8 to 30carbon atoms.
 43. A composition according to claim 41, wherein the alkylgroups of said quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses are chosen from C₁₂alkyl groups and C₁₈ alkyl groups.
 44. A composition according to claim1, wherein said at least one cationic amphiphilic polyurethane is chosenfrom polymers of formula (Ia):R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia) wherein: R and R′,which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrophobicgroups and hydrogen atoms; X and X′, which may be identical ordifferent, represent a group comprising an amine function optionallycomprising a hydrophobic group, and a group L″; L, L″, and L′ which maybe identical or different, are each chosen from derivatives ofdiisocyanates; P and P′, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing atleast one hydrophobic group; Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups; r isan integer from 1 to 100; n, m and p which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from numbers ranging from 0 to 1000; provided thatsaid cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes comprise at least one groupchosen from protonated amine functions, and quaternized amine functions,and at least one group chosen from hydrophobic groups.
 45. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain is present in an amountranging from 0.01% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 46. A composition according to claim 45, wherein said atleast one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fattychain is present in an amount ranging from 0.02% to 0.5% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 47. A compositionaccording to claim 1, further comprising at least one direct dye.
 48. Acomposition according to claim 47, wherein said at least one direct dyeis present in an amount ranging from 0.001% to 20% by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 49. A composition according toclaim 1, further comprising at least one agent chosen from reducingagents and antioxidants.
 50. A composition according to claim 49,wherein said at least one agent is present in the composition of theinvention in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 3% by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 51. A composition according toclaim 1, further comprising at least one adjuvant chosen fromsequestering agents, UV screening agents, waxes, volatile andnon-volatile, cyclic, linear and branched silicones, optionallyorganomodified with amine groups, nonionic polymers, anionic polymers,cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants,nonionic surfactants other than said oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols andsaid glycerolated fatty alcohols, amphiphilic polymers containing afatty chain other than said at least one cationic amphiphilic polymerswith a fatty chain, thickeners containing sugar units, preservingagents, ceramides, pseudoceramides, plant oils, mineral oils, syntheticoils, vitamins, provitamins, and opacifiers.
 52. A ready-to-usecomposition for the oxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers comprising, ina medium suitable for dyeing: (a) at least one oxidation dye, (b) atleast one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fattychain, and (c) a combination comprising: (I) at least one compoundchosen from oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolated fattyalcohols, and (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecularweight of less than 250, wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) isgreater than 1:1; and (d) at least one oxidizing agent.
 53. Aready-to-use composition according to claim 52, wherein said at leastone oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide,alkali metal bromates, alkali metal ferricyanides, persalts, andoxidation-reduction enzymes, wherein said oxidation-reduction enzymesmay be in the presence of their corresponding donor or cofactor.
 54. Aready-to-use composition according to claim 53, wherein said at leastone oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
 55. A ready-to-use compositionaccording to claim 54, wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is anaqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with a titre ranging from 1 to 40volumes.
 56. A composition according to claim 1, wherein saidcomposition has a pH ranging from 4 to
 12. 57. A ready-to-usecomposition according to claim 52, wherein said composition has a pHranging from 4 to
 12. 58. A ready-to-use composition according to claim52, further comprising at least one polymer chosen from amphotericpolymers and cationic polymers other than said at least one cationicamphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain.
 59. Aready-to-use composition according to claim 58, wherein said cationicpolymers are chosen from poly(quaternary ammonium) polymers comprisingrepeating units of formula (W):


60. A ready-to-use composition according to claim 58, wherein saidcationic polymers are chosen from poly(quaternary ammonium) polymerscomprising repeating units of formula (U):


61. A ready-to-use composition according to claim 58, wherein saidamphoteric polymers are copolymers comprising at least one acrylic acidmonomer and a dimethyldiallylammonium salt.
 62. A ready-to-usecomposition according to claim 58, wherein said at least one polymer ispresent in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.
 63. A ready-to-use compositionaccording to claim 62, wherein said at least one polymer is present inan amount ranging from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 64. A ready-to-use composition according toclaim 63, wherein said at least one polymer is present in an amountranging from 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 65. A process for dyeing keratinous fibers comprising: (1)storing a composition (A) comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing:(a) at least one oxidation dye, (b) at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain, and (c) a combinationcomprising: (I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and (II) at least onehydroxylated solvent having a molecular weight of less than 250, whereinthe weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1; (2) storing,separately from said composition (A), a composition (B) comprising, in amedium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent; (3) applyingsaid composition (A) and said composition (B) to keratinous fibers, and(4) developing a color on keratinous fibers; wherein said composition(A) is combined at the time of use with said composition (B) and appliedto the keratinous fibers, or wherein said composition (A) and saidcomposition (B) are applied sequentially to said at least one dyeingcomposition without intermediate rinsing.
 66. A device or kit for theoxidation dyeing of keratinous fibers, comprising at least twocompartments, wherein: (1) a first compartment comprises, in a mediumsuitable for dyeing: (a) at least one oxidation dye, (b) at least onecationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain, and(c) a combination comprising: (I) at least one compound chosen fromoxyalkylenated fatty alcohols and glycerolated fatty alcohols, and (II)at least one hydroxylated solvent having a molecular weight of less than250, wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1; and(2) a second compartment comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, atleast one oxidizing agent.
 67. A composition for oxidation dyeing ofkeratinous fibers comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing: (a) atleast one oxidation dye, (b) at least one cationic amphiphilic polymercomprising at least one fatty chain, and (c) a combination comprising:(I) at least one compound chosen from oxyalkylenated fatty alcohols andglycerolated fatty alcohols, and (II) at least one hydroxylated solvent,wherein the weight ratio of (I) to (II) is greater than 1:1.
 68. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said oxyalkylenated fattyalcohols are chosen from linear and branched, saturated and unsaturatedoxyalkylenated fatty alcohols comprising from 8 to 40 carbon atoms andfrom 1 to 250 groups chosen from ethylene oxide and propylene oxidegroups.
 69. A composition according to claim 2 wherein R is chosen fromoptionally saturated, linear and branched groups containing from 8 to 30carbon atoms.
 70. A composition according to claim 5 wherein R is chosenfrom optionally saturated, linear and branched groups containing from 8to 30 carbon atoms.
 71. A composition according to claim 1, wherein saidglycerolated fatty alcohols are chosen from linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated glycerolated fatty alcohols comprising from 8to 40 carbon atoms and from 1 to 30 glycerol groups.
 72. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxidation dye comprisesat least one oxidation base and at least one coupler.
 73. A compositionaccording to claim 72, wherein said at least one oxidation base ischosen from ortho-phenylenediamines, para-phenylenediamines, doublebases, ortho-para-aminophenols, para-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases,and their acid addition salts.
 74. A composition according to claim 25wherein for R₃ and R₄, said halogens are chosen from chlorine andfluorine.
 75. A composition according to claim 28, wherein for linker Y,said heteroatoms are chosen from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen.
 76. Acomposition according to claim 31, wherein for R₁₃ and R₁₄, saidhalogens are chosen from fluorine.
 77. A composition according to claim37, wherein said naphthols are chosen from monohydroxylated naphthalenederivatives and polyhydroxylated naphthalene derivatives.
 78. Acomposition according to claim 44, wherein r is an integer from 1 to 50.79. A composition according to claim 44, wherein r is an integer from 1to
 25. 80. A process according to claim 65, wherein said keratinousfibers are hair.
 81. A process according to claim 80, wherein said hairis human hair.
 82. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said atleast one cationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fattychain is chosen from the cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula(Ia): R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia) wherein: R andR′ which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrophobicgroups, X and X′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom a group L″; n and p which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from numbers ranging from 1 to 1000; L, L″, and L′ which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from derivatives ofdiisocyanates; P and P′, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from groups comprising an amine function optionally comprising atleast one hydrophobic group; Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups; r isan integer from 1 to 100; and m is a number ranging from 0 to
 1000. 83.A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one cationicamphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen fromthe cationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia):R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia) wherein: R and R′which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrophobicgroups, X and X′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom a group L″, n and p are each equal to zero; L, L″, and L′ which maybe identical or different, are each chosen from derivatives ofdiisocyanates; P and P′, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from groups comprising an amine function optionally bearing atleast one hydrophobic group; Y is chosen from hydrophilic groups; r isan integer from 1 to 100; and m is a number ranging from 0 to
 1000. 84.A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one cationicamphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from thecationic amphiphilic polyurethanes of formula (Ia):R—X—(P)_(n)—[L—(Y)_(m)]_(r)—L′—(P′)_(p)—X′—R′  (Ia) wherein: R and R′which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrophobicgroups, X and X′ which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom groups comprising a quaternary amine, n and p are each equal to 0,L, L″, and L′ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromderivatives of diisocyanates; P and P′, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from groups comprising an amine functionoptionally bearing at least one hydrophobic group; Y is chosen fromhydrophilic groups; r is an integer from 1 to 100; and m is a numberranging from 0 to
 1000. 85. A composition according to claim 44, whereinsaid hydrophobic groups are chosen from hydrocarbon-based groupscomprising at least 10 carbon atoms.
 86. A composition according toclaim 44, wherein X and X′ are chosen from amines of following formulae:

wherein: R₂ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched, alkylene groups containing from 1 to 20 carbonatoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylene groups optionallycomprise a unit chosen from saturated rings and unsaturated rings, andfurther wherein at least one carbon atom is optionally replaced with ahetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P; R₁ and R₃, which may be identicalor different, are each chosen from linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkylgroups, linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkenyl groups, and an aryl group,wherein at least one carbon atom is optionally replaced with a heteroatom chosen from N, S, O and P; and A- which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from physiologically acceptable counterions.87. A composition according to claim 44, wherein the groups L, L′, andL″ represent a group of formula:

wherein: Z is a group chosen from —O—, —S—, and —NH—; and R₄ is chosenfrom linear and branched, alkylene groups containing from 1 to 20 carbonatoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylene groups optionallycomprise a unit chosen from saturated rings and unsaturated rings, andfurther wherein at least one carbon atom is optionally replaced with ahetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P.
 88. A composition according toclaim 44, wherein P and P′, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from groups of the following formulae:

wherein: R₅ and R₇, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom linear and branched, alkylene groups containing from 1 to 20 carbonatoms, wherein said linear and branched alkylene groups optionallycomprise a unit chosen from saturated rings and unsaturated rings, andfurther wherein at least one carbon atom is optionally replaced with ahetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P; R₆, R₈ and R₉, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from linear and branched(C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups, linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkenyl and an arylgroup, wherein at least one carbon atom is optionally replaced with ahetero atom chosen from N, S, O and P; R₁₀, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from optionally unsaturated, linear andbranched, alkylene groups, optionally comprising at least one heteroatom chosen from N, O, S and P, and A- which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from physiologically acceptable counterions.89. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least onecationic amphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain ischosen from cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers formed from at least onemonomer chosen from: a) vinyllactam monomers and alkylvinyllactammonomers; b) monomers chosen from formulae (Ib) and (IIb):

wherein: X which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromoxygen and NR₆ groups, R₁ and R₆ which may be identical or different,are each chosen from hydrogen and linear and branched (C₁-C₅)alkylgroups, R₂ which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromlinear and branched (C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, R₃, R₄, and R₅ which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, linear andbranched (C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups and groups chosen from formula (IIIb):—(Y₂)_(r)—(CH₂—CH(R₇)—O)_(x)—R₈  (IIIb) wherein: Y, Y₁, and Y₂ which areidentical or different, are each chosen from linear and branched(C₂-C₁₆)alkylene groups, R₇ is chosen from hydrogen, linear and branched(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and linear and branched (C₁-C₄)hydroxyalkyl groups,R₈ is chosen from hydrogen and linear and branched (C₁-C₃₀)alkyl groups,p, q, and r which are identical or different, are each a number chosenfrom 0 and 1, m and n which are identical or different, are each aninteger ranging from 0 to 100, x is an integer ranging from 1 to 100, Zis an anion chosen from organic acid anions and inorganic acid anions,provided that: at least one of R₃, R₄, R₅, and R₈ is chosen from linearand branched (C₉-C₃₀)alkyl groups, if at least one of m and n is otherthan zero, then q is equal to 1, if at least one of m and n are equal tozero, then at least one of p and q is equal to
 0. 90. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at at least one cationic amphiphilicpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from acrylicterpolymers formed from: (a) an acrylate monomer (a) chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkyl acrylates and (C₁-C₆)alkyl methacrylates, wherein saidacrylate monomer (a) ranges from 5% to 80% by weight; (b) a monomer (b)chosen from heterocyclic vinyl compounds containing at least one atomchosen from nitrogen and sulfur, (meth)acrylamides,mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl (meth)acrylates,di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl (meth)acrylates,mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl(meth)acrylamides anddi(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl(meth)acrylamides, wherein said monomer(b) ranges from 5% to 80% by weight; a monomer (c) chosen from: (i) aurethane formed from a monoethylenic unsaturated isocyanate and anonionic surfactant with a (C₁₋₆)alkoxy end, (ii) a block copolymerformed from 1,2-butylene oxide and of 1,2-ethylene oxide, (iii) acopolymerizable ethylenic unsaturated surfactant monomer obtained bycondensation of a nonionic surfactant with an α,β-ethylenic unsaturatedcarboxylic acid or its anhydride, (iv) a surfactant monomer (iv) chosenfrom the products formed from a monoethylenic unsaturated monoisocyanatewith a nonionic surfactant containing an amine function, (v) a monomerchosen from (meth)allyl ethers of formula CH₂═CR₁CH₂OA_(m)B_(n)A_(p)R₂,wherein R₁ is chosen from a hydrogen atom and a methyl group, A ischosen from a propylenoxy group and a butylenoxy group, B is anethylenoxy group, n is chosen from zero and integers less than or equalto 200, m and p, which are identical or different are each chosen fromzero and integers less than n, and R₂ is a hydrophobic group of at least8 carbon atoms, and (vi) a nonionic monomer of urethane type formed froma monohydric nonionic surfactant with a monoethylenic unsaturatedisocyanate, wherein said monomer (c) ranges from 0.1% to 30% by weight;further wherein the weight percentages of said above defined monomersare based on the total weight of said monomers forming the acrylicterpolymer.
 91. A composition according to claim 37, wherein said acidaddition salts are chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates,tartrates, lactates and acetates.
 92. A composition according to claim1, further comprising at least one polymer chosen from amphotericpolymers and cationic polymers other than said at least one cationicamphiphilic polymer comprising at least one fatty chain.
 93. Acomposition according to claim 92, wherein said cationic polymers arechosen from poly(quaternary ammonium) polymers comprising repeatingunits of formula (W):


94. A composition according to claim 92, wherein said cationic polymersare chosen from poly(quaternary ammonium) polymers comprising repeatingunits of formula (U):


95. A composition according to claim 92, wherein said amphotericpolymers are copolymers comprising at least one acrylic acid monomer anda dimethyldiallylammonium salt.
 96. A composition according to claim 92,wherein said at least one polymer is present in an amount ranging from0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.97. A composition according to claim 96, wherein said at least onepolymer is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 5% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 98. A compositionaccording to claim 97, wherein said at least one polymer is present inan amount ranging from 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weightof the composition.